Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Wettability is one of a solid surface’s fundamental physical and chemical properties, which involves a wide range of applications. Femtosecond laser microfabrication has many advantages compared to traditional laser processing. This technology has been successfully applied to control the wettability of material surfaces. This review systematically summarizes the recent progress of femtosecond laser microfabrication in the preparation of various superwetting surfaces. Inspired by nature, the superwettabilities such as superhydrophilicity, superhydrophobicity, superamphiphobicity, underwater superoleophobicity, underwater superaerophobicity, underwater superaerophilicity, slippery liquid-infused porous surface, underwater superpolymphobicity, and supermetalphobicity are obtained on different substrates by the combination of the femtosecond laser-induced micro/nanostructures and appropriate chemical composition. From the perspective of biomimetic preparation, we mainly focus the methods for constructing various kinds of superwetting surfaces by femtosecond laser and the relationship between different laser-induced superwettabilities. The special wettability of solid materials makes the femtosecond laser-functionalized surfaces have many practical applications. Finally, the significant challenges and prospects of this field (femtosecond laser-induced superwettability) are discussed.
Ultrafast Science
2022, 2(1): 9895418
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
Underwater transportation of bubbles and gases has essential applications in manipulating and using gas, but achieving this function at the microscopic level remains a significant challenge. Here, we report a strategy to self-transport gas in water along a laser-induced open superhydrophobic microchannel with a width less than 100 μm. The femtosecond laser can directly write superhydrophobic and underwater superaerophilic microgrooves on the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) surfaces. In water, the single laser-induced microgroove and water medium generate a hollow microchannel. When the microchannel connects two superhydrophobic regions in water, the gas spontaneously travels from the small region to the large area along this hollow microchannel. Gas self-transportation can be extended to laser-drilled microholes through a thin PTFE sheet, which can even achieve anti-buoyancy unidirectional penetration. The gas can overcome the bubble’s buoyance and spontaneously travel downward. The Laplace pressure difference drives the processes of spontaneous gas transportation and unidirectional bubble passage. We believe the property of gas self-transportation in the femtosecond laser-structured open superhydrophobic and underwater superaerophilic microgrooves/microholes has significant potential applications related to manipulating underwater gas.
femtosecond laser gas transportation superhydrophobicity underwater superaerophilicity water/gas separation International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing
2022, 4(1): 015002
赵元辰 1,2,3朱京平 1,2,3郭奉奇 1,2,3李浩翔 1,2,3侯洵 1,2,3
1 西安交通大学电子与信息学部电子科学与工程学院,西安
2 电子物理与器件教育部重点实验室,西安
3 陕西省信息光子技术重点实验室,西安
针对空间目标偏振探测识别的需求,研究了三类(保温膜、太阳能帆板、卫星涂层)六种(金色保温膜、银色保温膜、单晶硅、砷化镓、卫星涂层SR107和S781)典型空间目标材质偏振光谱反射特性。基于研制的材质偏振光谱测量装置测试结果进行分析,揭示了空间目标材质的偏振光谱特性空间分布规律。结果表明,光谱特性不随接收角变化,峰值特征波长不随检偏器角度变化;材质光谱半峰宽、特征波长以及保偏和消偏特性不随入射角变化,但不同入射角处光谱特征峰的峰值不同。文中研究对空间目标偏振探测具有重要的指导意义。
偏振光谱特性 空间材料 双向反射分布函数 polarization spectral reflection characteristics space material bidirectional reflection distribution function
朱京平 1,2,3邓金鑫 1,2,3李浩翔 1,2,3郭奉奇 1,2,3侯洵 1,2,3
1 西安交通大学 电子与信息学部电子科学与工程学院,西安
2 电子物理与器件教育部重点实验室,西安
3 陕西省信息光子技术重点实验室,西安
在浑浊介质中进行光学成像时,由于受介质吸收与散射影响,目标信号被淹没在背景噪声中,导致图像的清晰度严重下降。利用光的偏振信息可显著提升浑浊介质中目标的探测能力,其中偏振差分作为代表性偏振成像技术,充分挖掘介质光与场景光的偏振特性差异对背向散射噪声实现偏振共模抑制。由于其系统结构简单、可移植性好、适用领域广泛、凸显边缘等优势备受关注。该技术不仅可以作为物理光学成像方法对水下浑浊环境、生物组织、大气雾霾散射环境中目标进行高对比度成像,还可作为光学传感器件抑制杂散光的有效手段,从提出至今已积累了大量优秀的研究成果,从偏振差分成像技术的基本原理出发,根据成像应用场景的不同从两方面介绍了该技术一系列最新的研究进展,并对偏振差分成像未来可能的发展方向进行了展望,期望为该领域的后续研究提供指引。
偏振差分成像 浑浊介质 偏振共模抑制 成像对比度 polarization differential imaging turbid media polarization common-mode suppression imaging contrast
光子学报
2022, 51(10): 1025001
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Xi’an Jiaotong University, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi’an, China
2 Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, Xi’an, China
3 Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an, China
Nanochannel structures with a feature size deeply under the diffraction limit and a high aspect ratio hold huge biomedical significance, which is especially challenging to be realized on hard and brittle materials, such as silica, diamond, and sapphire. By simultaneously depositing the pulse energy on the surface and inside the sample, nanochannels with the smallest feature size of 18 nm (∼1 / 30λ) and more than 200 aspect ratios are achieved inside silica, the mechanism of which can be concluded as the surface assisting material ejection effect. Both the experimental and theoretical results prove that the coaction of the superficial “hot domain” and internal hot domain dominates the generation of the nanochannels, which gives new insights into the laser-material interacting mechanisms and potentially promotes the corresponding application fields.
femtosecond laser direct writing nanochannels spatially shaping surface assisting material ejection Advanced Photonics Nexus
2022, 1(2): 026004
1 西安交通大学 电子与信息工程学院,陕西省信息光子技术重点实验室,西安交通大学 机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安 710049
2 西安交通大学 机械工程学院,西安 710049
仿生超疏水表面在油水分离、防结冰、自清洁等方面具有广阔的应用前景。但是由于其表面结构的脆弱所造成的不稳定性,使其在应用时受到较大限制。飞秒激光作为一种通用的微纳加工方法,在超疏水表面的制备中有许多明显的优势,并且适用于几乎任何硬质材料的加工。本文从浸润性的基本模型出发,分析了耐久型超疏水表面的特点,针对耐久型超疏水表面的飞秒激光制备方法以及应用进行了概述,从聚合物、玻璃以及金属等物质的超疏水表面的飞秒激光制备进行了归纳。对超疏水表面在油水分离、防结冰、自清洁等方面的应用研究进行了综述。最后总结了利用飞秒激光制备耐久型超疏水表面所面临的挑战。
耐久性 超疏水表面 飞秒激光 油水分离 抗冰 Durability Superhydrophobic Femtosecond laser Oil-water separation Anti-icing
1 西安交通大学电子与信息学部电子科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710049
2 西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049
3 陕西省信息光子技术重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049
4 西安交通大学机械工程学院,陕西 西安 710049
随着科技的发展,柔性电子器件在医疗健康、柔性机器人以及人机交互领域中的应用越来越广泛。柔性电子器件的关键在于柔性电极材料,传统柔性电极材料如结构化的金属薄膜、金属纳米颗粒/线以及导电聚合物等存在高延展性与高导电性无法同时满足的问题。镓基液态金属作为一种室温下呈现液态的金属材料,具备金属高导电性的同时也具有无限延展性,是一种理想的柔性电极材料,是近年来的研究热点。对液态金属进行图案化处理是制备液态金属基柔性电子器件的必要环节。重点介绍了以浸润性调控的方法实现液态金属图案化的工艺。激光作为一种精密加工方式,被常用来制备各种功能表面,同时也是调控液体浸润性的主要手段之一。结合激光的高精密加工能力与液态金属优异的电学性能,能够实现高分辨率、多功能以及高集成度的液态金属电子器件制备。综述了近年来国内外在激光制备液态金属柔性电子器件方面的主要工作,并展望了未来激光制备高性能液态金属电子器件的前景。
激光技术 液态金属 激光 浸润性 图案化 柔性电子器件 中国激光
2022, 49(10): 1002505